社会关系网络中信息不对称对信任行为影响的实验研究

An Experiment Study on the Effect of Information Asymmetry on Trust Behavior in the Social Network

设计了一个包含一位发送者和两位接收者的三节点信任博弈实验,并使得两位接收者与发送者之间具有不同的社会距离,以便研究当两位接收者与发送者社会距离不同时,接收者的返还行动信息不对称对发送者信任水平和接收者可信度的影响。实验结果表明,当两位接收者中有一位是发送者的朋友时,接收者返还行动信息不对称对发送者的信任水平和朋友接收者的可信度均无显著影响,而身为陌生人的接收者在其返还行为无法被发送者直接观测时明显降低了其返还给发送者的点数比例。简言之,朋友是可靠的,不论身份和行动信息是否公开,朋友总是值得信赖的,虽然这种情谊在返还行动信息不对称时给陌生人提供了搭便车的机会,但这并不影响发送者和朋友接收者的收益增加。

In order to analyze the effect of responders’ behavioral information asymmetry on individual’s trust behavior in the social network, a three-node trust game experiment which contains one sender and two receivers(and both two receivers have different social distance with the sender) is designed in this paper. The results of the experiment demonstrate that if one of the two receivers is the friend of the sender, the information asymmetry has no influence on the sender and his friend’s behavior, while the other receiver who is a stranger significantly decreases the proportion of the point paid back to the sender. Briefly speaking, friend is trustworthy regardless of the identity and action information disclosure. However the relationship between friends may provide a chance for the stranger to be a free-rider, and the earnings of the pair of friends still get increased.