黑龙江省502例孢子丝菌病患者临床分析

Clinical analysis of 502 cases of sporotrichosis in Heilongjiang province

目的对黑龙江地区502例孢子丝菌病患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,探讨近年孢子丝菌病的发病特点,为今后防治孢子丝菌病提供有力依据。方法对2014年4月—2017年4月至哈尔滨医科大学第二附属医院就诊,经过临床表现、组织病理检查及真菌培养确诊为孢子丝菌病的502例患者进行回顾性分析。结果患者男女比例1:2,平均年龄49.7岁,以41～65岁人群最为多见。66.5%的患者在冬春两季发病,76.2%的患者为农民,37.8%的患者有明确外伤史。皮肤固定型占74.9%、皮肤淋巴管型24.9%、皮肤播散型0.2%。患者对碘化钾、特比萘芬治疗反应良好。结论孢子丝菌病在黑龙江地区发病率高,其流行病学特点与吉林省、辽宁省相似,但不同于其他国家。碘化钾、特比萘芬、伊曲康唑是其有效的治疗药物。

Objective To retrospectively analyze 502 cases of sporotrichosis in Heilongjiang area, and to explore the characteristics of sporotrichosis in recent years, so as to provide strong basis for the prevention and control of the disease in the future. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 502 cases of sporotrichosis diagnosed by clinical manifestation, histopathological examination and fungal culture from April 2014 to April 2017 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. Results The male-to-female ratio of the patients was 1:2, with an average age of 49.7 years, and the most common age group was 41-65 years old. 66.5% of the patients developed the disease in winter and spring, 76.2% of the patients were farmers, and 37.8% of the patients had a clear history of trauma. Skinfixed type accounted for 74.9%, skin lymphatic type 24.9%, and skin disseminated type 0.2%. The patients responded well to the treatment of potassium iodide and terbinafine. Conclusion The incidence of sporotrichosis is high in Heilongjiang Province, and the epidemiological characteristics of the disease are similar to those in Jilin Province and Liaoning Province, but different from those in other countries. Potassium iodide, terbinafine and itraconazole are effective therapeutic drugs.