PD-1/PD-L1在治疗三阴性乳腺癌中的研究进展

Research Progress of PD-1/PD-L1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment

越来越多的研究表明机体的免疫系统在乳腺癌的治疗和预后中起重要作用,其中免疫检查点阻滞剂是免疫疗法中快速发展的领域。迄今为止乳腺癌的研究中备受关注的是三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)的治疗,这是一种基因组不稳定的乳腺癌亚型,被认为是最具有免疫原性的乳腺癌,其患者只有有限的治疗选择,并且预后较差。程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)在三阴性乳腺癌中的表达水平高于其他亚型,协助肿瘤实现免疫逃逸,所以相应的阻滞剂更能在该亚型中发挥抗肿瘤的作用。文章从单一疗法和组合疗法两个方面阐述了程序性死亡因子1(PD-1)及其配体的免疫检查点阻滞剂在三阴性乳腺癌中的研究进展。

Accumulating evidence confirms that the host immune system plays an important role in treatment and prognosis of breast cancer.Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors is a promising and rapidly growing field.The study largely focused on the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),a genomically unstable subtype of breast cancer that is believed to be the most immunogenic with limited treatment options and a particularly poor prognosis.Compared with other intrinsic breast cancer subtypes,TNBC has higher programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression levels,which may help tumor immune evasion by suppressing immune responses.Thus,checkpoint inhibitor can enhance antitumor T-cell responses in TNBC.In this review,the author discusses the current study for PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)treatment.Both checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy and combinations with chemotherapy are being investigated.The author also proposes potential ways of improving responses to checkpoint blockade in breast cancer.