海洋执法“虚拟登临权”理论困境与现实因应选择

Marine Law Enforcement“Virtual Visit”:the Academic Difficult Position and Practical Analysis

"一带一路"倡议以及海上丝绸之路的构建,对海洋安全秩序的构建提出了新的议题,"互联网+"的背景下网络空间主权原则为我国海洋维权路径提出新的诉求。《塔林手册2.0》"虚拟登临权"在具体规则化细节上存在虚拟空间镜像以及现实法律问题具象,体现为行为主体排除飞机适用的限缩解释,"合理理由"的认定对于海盗、贩卖奴隶非法广播、隐藏国籍不同的样态存在不同认定标准,在信息甄别以及监测信息尺度层面存在法的价值顺位悖论难题、《联合国海洋法公约》习惯国际法遵守以及网络空间主权二次元异化的行为归责困境。溯因考证在于《塔林手册2.0》软法属性以及《联合国海洋法公约》习惯国际法在网络空间的规则冲突。现实因应路径在于依据《网络安全法》网络空间主权原则彰显,通过司法解释对海洋空间网络主权背书法律渊源。在《联合国海洋基本法》立法背景下对"虚拟登临权"行为要素进行法律规则与法律原则双向规制,构建智慧海洋体系,通过智慧执法实现海上网络信息动态监控、海上网络信息监管新路径。

Theu Belt and Roadn and the construction of maritime Silk Road raised new issues for the establishment of maritime security order, under the background of<4 Internet +", the principle of cyberspace sovereignty puts forward new demands for China s maritime rights protection path. Tallinn Manual 2.0" Virtual Right of Visit"has virtual space mirror image and realistic legal representation in specific regularization details, which is reflected in the limited interpretation of the behavior subject excluding the application of aircraftT.The identified of "reasonable rea" sons 'has different criteria for illegal broadcasting of pirates? slave trade, hiding different forms of nationality, and there is the value paradox of law at the level of information screening and monitoring information scale. UNCLOS( Compliance with customary International Law) and the Dilemma of behavior imputation by quadratic element of cyberspace sovereignty. The traceability is based on the conflict between soft law attributes of the Tallinn Manual 2.0 and customary international law of UNCLOS in cyberspace rules. The realistic coping path according to the cyberspace sovereignty principle of Cyberspace Security Law, and endorsing the legal origin of maritime space cyberspace sovereignty through judicial interpretation. Under the legislative background of the Basic Law of the Sea, the elements of Virtual Right of Visit are regulated in both directions, the legal rules and legal principles, and the intelligent ocean system is constructing the intelligent ocean system the dynamic monitoring of the Maritime network information and the new route of information supervision are realized through the intelligent enforcement of the law.