2013—2017年连云港市水痘流行与水痘疫苗接种情况分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of varicella and vaccination in Lianyungang City, 2013-2017

目的了解连云港市水痘流行病学特征及水痘疫苗的接种情况。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2013—2017年连云港市报告水痘病例及水痘疫苗接种情况进行分析。结果 2013—2017年连云港市共报告水痘病例6 149例,年均发病率为27.70/10万;发病呈双峰分布,12月略高,6月略低;发病年龄以<15岁儿童为主,占总病例数的76.55%,男性年均发病率显著高于女性(χ2=17.41,P<0.05);水痘疫苗于每年3月左右会出现接种高峰。结论该地区水痘发病率高于全省平均水平,水痘发病率与疫苗接种剂次呈负相关关系,建议尽快将水痘疫苗纳入国家免疫规划范围内,保护易感人群。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and vaccination status of varicella in Lianyungang City. Methods A retrospective epidemiological method was used to analyzethe varicella epidemiological characteristics of reported cases and vaccination status in Lianyungang City,from 2013 to 2017. Results There were 6 149 reported cases of varicella from 2013 to 2017, and the average annual incidence rate was 27.70/105. The incidence had double peak distribution, and it was slightly higher in December and slightly lower in June. The highest incidence was found in the age group of < 15 years(76.55%).The average annual incidence rate in the males was significantly higher than that in the females(χ^2=17.41, P < 0.05). The peak of varicella vaccination was in March around the year. Conclusion The incidence of varicella in Lianyungang City is higher than the average level in Jiangsu Province. The incidence of varicella is negatively related to the number of vaccinations. Therefore, we recommend that varicella vaccine should be included in the national immunization plan as soon as possible to protect vulnerable populations.