视域融合与视域涵摄:王船山《庄子解》的诠释策略

Fusion of Horizons and Subsumption of Horizons: Interpretive Strategies of Wang Chuanshan's Annotation on Zhuangzi

在《庄子解》中,为将庄子思想转换为儒家的君子之道,船山构设了"浑天"这一与儒家和庄子思想皆具亲缘性的终极视域。以"浑天"为庄儒思想之共同的宗本,船山首先使二者在形而上的层面上达成了视域融合,以致把庄子归入了儒门。进一步,船山又以"浑天"涵摄庄子之"天"以及被庄子否弃的人伦物理,从而在兼括天人的"浑天"视域下,赋予了庄子之学以践行伦常的理论品格,纠正了其逃避现实的虚无主义之弊。

To transform Zhuangzi’s thought to Confucian Dao of "gentlemen"(Junzi 君子), Wang Chuanshan proposes the concept of "universal sky"(Huntian 浑天). Considering that both Confucian tradition and Zhuangzi’s thought have their roots in the idea of Huntian, Wang argues that Huntian could not only provide foundations but also make these two ideas compatible on the metaphysical level. He further argues that Zhuangzi to some extent should be treated as a Confucian scholar. Further on, Wang presents that Huntian can be applied to reinterpret and link up Zhuangzi’s Tian(天) with Confucian Renlun(人伦) denied by Zhuangzi. As a result, Wang’s annotation on Zhuangzi clears up its Nihilism and provides a perspective of practicing Confucian ethics.