抑郁症伴自杀倾向患者的自杀原因分析及规范化护理对其预防效果

Analysis of the causes of suicide in patients with depression and suicidal tendency and the preventive effect of standardized nursing

目的探讨抑郁症伴自杀倾向患者的自杀原因及规范化护理对其预防效果,为临床护理干预提供参考依据。方法选取30例抑郁症伴自杀倾向患者作为研究对象,均实施自杀规范化护理。分析患者的自杀原因,并比较患者护理前和护理后1、2个月的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、自尊量表(SES)评分、贝克自杀意念量表(SSI)评分、自杀次数及健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)评分。结果 30例抑郁症伴自杀倾向患者的自杀原因:对前途悲观失望占30.00%(9/30),缺乏自我价值感占26.67%(8/30),因要求未得到满足与家人争吵占23.33%(7/30),幻觉、妄想症状支配占20.00%(6/30)。护理后1、2个月, 30例患者的HAMD、贝克SSI评分均低于护理前,自杀次数少于护理前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。30例患者护理后1、2个月的SES评分分别为(29.55±4.35)、(38.73±5.01)分,均高于护理前的(19.42±3.44)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后1、2个月, 30例患者的生理机能、社会功能、躯体疼痛、生理职能、一般健康状况、精力、情感职能、精神健康8项SF-36评分均高于护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抑郁症患者自杀倾向及意念的产生与多种因素有关,对抑郁症伴自杀倾向患者进行规范化护理干预可有效改善患者健康状况。

Objective To discuss the causes of suicide of depression patients with suicidal tendency and the preventive effect of standardized nursing, so as to provide reference for clinical nursing intervention. Methods A total of 30 depression patients with suicidal tendency as study subjects all received standardized nursing of suicide. The causes of suicide were analyzed, and the scores of Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) score, self-esteem scale(SES) score, scale for suicide ideation(SSI), suicide frequency and health status questionnaire(SF-36) before and after 1 and 2 months of nursing were compared. Results Suicidal causes of 30 patients with depression and suicidal tendency: pessimistic disappointment for the future accounted for 30.00%(9/30), lack of self-worth accounted for 26.67%(8/30), unfulfilled quarrel with family members accounted for 23.33%(7/30), and domination of hallucination and delusional symptoms accounted for 20.00%(6/30). After 1 and 2 months of nursing, 30 patients had lower HAMD and SSI score than those before nursing, and less frequency of suicide than those before nursing. Their difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After 1 and 2 months of nursing, 30 patients had SES score respectively as(29.55±4.35) and(38.73±5.01) points than(19.42± 3.44) points before nursing, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After 1 and 2 months of nursing, 30 patients had higher SF-36 score of physiological function, social function, physical pain, physiological function, general health status, energy, emotional function, mental health than those before nursing, and their difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The suicidal tendencies and ideation of depressive patients are related to many factors. Standardized nursing intervention for depressive patients with suicidal tendencies can effectively improve their health.