城市污泥中蛋白质资源化的研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON REUTILIZATION OF PROTEIN FROM MUNICIPAL SLUDGE

资源化是城市污泥处理处置的必然趋势,回收利用污泥中丰富的蛋白质用作动物饲料添加剂、发泡剂原料和肥料等是一个新的研究方向。蛋白质资源化包括污泥水解提取蛋白质、蛋白质的纯化分离和污泥蛋白质的开发应用3个步骤。其中,提取蛋白质的方法中热-碱法、热-酸法、超声-碱法和超声-酶法的蛋白质提取率在65%以上。蛋白质纯化的过程中循环水解和膜技术能进一步提高提取液中蛋白质的浓度,盐析沉淀法和等电点沉淀法可回收其中85%以上的蛋白质。用作动物饲料添加剂和肥料是提取纯化出的蛋白质最有前景的应用方式。最后对城市污泥中蛋白质资源化的研究方向提出了建议与展望。

Reutilization is an inevitable trend in the treatment and disposal of municipal sludge. The reutilization of abundant protein in sludge as animal feed additive,raw materials of foaming agent,fertilizer,etc,is a new direction. The reutilization of protein includes three steps: sludge hydrolysis and protein extraction,protein purification and separation,development and application of sludge protein. The extraction rate of protein is more than 65% by the means of thermo-alkaline method,thermoacid method,ultrasonic-alkali method or ultrasonic-enzymatic method. The cyclic hydrolysis and membrane treatment in the purification of protein can improve the concentration of protein in the extracting solution. Salting out precipitation and isoelectric precipitation can recover more than 85% of the total protein. The application of the extracted and purified protein as feed addictive and fertilizer is the most promising method. Finally,some suggestions and prospects on the development of protein reutilization are proposed.