人工智能视域下的信息规制——基于隐私场景理论的激励与规范

Data Governance from the Perspective of Artificial Intelligence——Incentives and Norms based on the Theory of Privacy Scenarios

人工智能与互联网、大数据的加速融合诱发新型社会风险,提出了信息规制的新诉求。总结信息规制的相对性、公共性特征,反思信息自决机制,应当基于利益平衡的立场,适恰地处理信息领域个人利益与公共利益的紧张关系。隐私场景理论为处理这种紧张关系提供了进路,强调信息的适当流通,建构了信息规范的四项参数,反对信息类型的二分法,提供了特定场景中"适当"的分析工具。激励与规范的视域下,应当从基于使用场景与敏感程度的同意规则,差异化应用场景,以及法律、标准、协议、代码的规范体系,技术自我规制四方面探索场景理论的应用。

The accelerated integration of artificial intelligence with the Internet and big data has caused new social risks and hence there has been the need for information regulation. Reviewing the relativity and publicity of inforniation regulation and reflecting on the mechanism for information self-determination should be based on the balance of interests and properly handling the tension between personal interests and public interests in the information field. The theory of privacy scenarios provides support for dealing with this tension, which underscores the appropriate flow of information, constructs the fbiir parameters for information regulation, opposes the dichotomy concerning information types, and provides an "appropriate" analysis tool for the specific scenarios. From the perspective of incentives and norms, we should explore the application of the seenario theory in the four areas: the agreement rules based on the usage scenarios and the sensitix ity degree, the differentiated application scenarios, the legal, standards, protocols, and code specification systems, and technical self-regulation.