“入而能出”与“往而不返”——基于徐渭与梵高的跨境域思想研究

Entering with Confident Departure and Going with No Return:A Study of Cross-Border Thought of Xu Wei and Vincent Van Gogh

徐渭和梵高尽管在中西方艺术史上具有举足轻重的地位,但其思想并未引起学术界的足够重视。欧洲浪漫主义运动是对启蒙运动的反动,主张文化与价值观念的多元,是西方知识史上一场真正的革命。浪漫主义精神推崇"价值由心创造"与严苛的加尔文宗教超然决断的"神"之间,所展现的自由与独断、有限与无限,人与神间超绝、超离,二元对立的预设性架构,无从安顿中国传统思想"内在超越"的一元论立场。缘于心学精神的融通与良知的内在超越,徐渭未曾遭遇梵高的"人、神两分"与"心、理两分"问题,在分析二者异同的基础上,可以对中西方思想文化具有更清晰、深刻的认识。

Despite the prominence of Xu Wei and Vincent Van Gogh in the Chinese and Western art history respectively,their thoughts have not drawn adequate attention among the academia. European Romanticism,as a revolt against the Enlightenment, holds the pluralism of culture and value, leading a real revolution in the history of Western knowledge. Romanticism highly praises freedom and monopoly as well as finiteness and infinity, the uniqueness and detachedness of man and god, and the presupposed connection of binary opposition, which are displayed between value created by the heart and "God" who is aloof and absolute in rigorous Calvinism, and it hence holds no space for the monism emphasizing internal transcendence in the traditional Chinese thought. Starting from the integration of Heart-Mind learning(Xin Xue) and internal transcendence of conscience, Xu Wei never experienced the dilemma of man-god and mind-reason separation. The analyses of their similarities and differences can promote the clearer and deeper understanding of the Chinese and Western ideology and culture.