威权领导与员工创造力:心理依赖的视角

Authoritarian Leadership and Followers' Creativity:A Psychological Dependence Perspective

威权领导者通过强有力的指挥和控制,保证了企业的步调统一和高效运转。然而,随着市场环境的快速变化和企业之间竞争的加剧,员工仅仅是服从领导指挥已经不再是企业长久发展的保证,员工创造力的发挥变得越来越重要。基于权力依赖理论,本文提出威权领导将导致员工对领导产生心理依赖,从而抑制了员工的创造力,同时提出两种调节变量来探索这一关系的边界条件:主动性人格负向地调节了变量之间的间接关系,而权力距离正向地调节了这一间接关系。通过对某科技型企业239个两阶段、领导-下属配对样本的分析,本研究提出的有调节的中介模型获得了数据的支持。本研究的发现有利于进一步认识威权领导的负面效果,引导领导者调整自身的领导风格,以充分发挥员工的创造力。

Authoritarian leadership is a ubiquitous and effective leadership style in the Chinese organizations.However, the influence of authoritarian leadership on followers’ creativity, which determines the survive and development of organizations nowadays, is still ambiguous. Drawing upon Power-dependence theory and psychological dependence perspective, we propose a moderated-mediation model to uncover the impact of authoritarian leadership on employee creativity via psychological dependence on leader by analyzing a sample of 239 employees. The results show that the indirect relationship between authoritarian leadership and followers’ creativity via psychological dependence was signi?cant. We also found a negative interaction between authoritarian leadership and proactive personality on psychological dependence and a positive interaction between authoritarian leadership and power distance orientation on psychological dependence. Furthermore, we found that the indirect effect of authoritarian leadership on followers’ creativity via psychological dependence was stronger when employees with low level of proactive personality, and that the indirect effect of authoritarian leadership on followers’ creativity via psychological dependence was stronger when employees with high level of power distance orientation. Our hypotheses are all supported by the observation data. This study can inspire leaders to understand and adjust their leadership style and give employees proper autonomy, to bring employees’ creativity into full play.