《黄帝内经》针刺处方及其腧穴配伍规律研究

Acupuncture prescriptions and regularity of acupoints matching in Huangdi Neijing

目的:研究《黄帝内经》针刺处方及其腧穴配伍规律。方法:通过人工查阅整理《黄帝内经》中有关针刺处方的条文,构建《黄帝内经》针刺处方数据库,采用频次分析法从单穴/多穴处方、特定穴、选穴原则、配穴方法、症状/疾病、中医疾病名称与分类、急性病/慢性病、局部表现/全身表现8个方面分析《黄帝内经》针刺处方及其腧穴配伍规律特点。结果:最终获得符合纳入标准的针刺处方146则,其中单穴处方76则,多穴处方70则。单穴处方多选用特定穴,以五输穴、交会穴最为多见,其中五输穴中以输穴使用较多;远部选穴是单穴处方的首选。多穴处方多选用特定穴互配,以五输穴配五输穴最为多见;远部选穴是多穴处方的首选;配穴以左右配穴法和本经配穴法为主。单穴处方适用病症包括4个系统,61种病症;多穴处方适用病症包括3个系统,47种病症。单穴、多穴处方主要治疗内科病症,单穴治疗病症时多症状、少疾病、多急性病、多局部表现;多穴处方治疗病症时多疾病、少症状、多慢性病、多全身表现。结论:《黄帝内经》针刺处方选穴多以远部选穴为主,并且大多为单穴处方。在多穴上以五输穴相配较多,以左右配穴法和本经配穴法为主。单穴临床应用于治疗急性局部症状,多穴临床用于治疗慢性全身性疾病。

Objective To explore the acupuncture prescriptions and regularity of acupoints matching in Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic). Methods Based on the manual retrieval of articles regarding acupuncture prescriptions in Huangdi Neijing an acupuncture prescriptions database of Huangdi Neijing was constructed. The frequency analysis was used to analyze the acupuncture prescriptions and regularity of acupoints matching from 8 aspects: prescriptions of single acupoint/acupoints combination, specific acupoints, principles of acupoint selection, acupoint matching methods,symptoms/diseases, names and classifications of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, acute/chronic diseases, local symptom/systemic symptom. Results A total of 146 acupuncture prescriptions were obtained, including 76 prescriptions for single acupoint and 70 prescriptions for acupoints combination. The single-point prescription mostly involved specific acupoints, especially five-shu acupoints and crossing acupoint;shu acupoints were mainly selected in five-shu acupoints, and distant acupoint selection was the first choice for single-point prescription. The prescription of acupoints combination mostly involved combination of specific acupoints, especially five-shu acupoint combined with five-shu acupoint, and distant acupoint selection was the first choice for acupoints combination prescription;the acupoints combination prescription was mainly based on left-right acupoint matching method and same-meridian acupoint matching method. The single-acupoint prescription was applied for diseases of 4 systems, involving 61 diseases;acupoints combination prescription was applied for diseases of 3 systems, involving 47 diseases. The single-acupoint and acupoints combination prescriptions were mainly used to treat internal medical diseases. The single-acupoint prescriptions were used for patients with multiple symptoms, fewer diseases, more acute diseases and more local symptoms;acupoints combination prescriptions were used for patients with more diseases, fewer symptoms, more chronic diseases and more systemic symptoms. Conclusion The acupuncture prescriptions in Huangdi Neijing are mostly based on distant acupoints, and most of them are single acupoint prescriptions. In multi-acupoint prescriptions, the combination of five-shu acupoints are mostly used, especially left-right acupoint matching method and same-meridian acupoint matching method. Single acupoint is used to treat acute and local symptoms, and multi-acupoint is used to treat chronic and systemic diseases.