有其父必有其子吗? 中国教育代际传递规模与影响因素分析

Like Father,Like Son? Scale and Factors of Intergenerational Transmission of Education in China

受教育程度是人力资本最重要的构成部分,父母的受教育程度对于子女会有怎样的影响?本文运用2013年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据分析了教育代际传递的规模及其影响因素。研究发现,随着时间的推移,教育代际传递规模先降低后增加;父母对女儿的教育代际弹性高于儿子;农村的教育代际弹性高于城镇,农村的代际流动性较弱;随着时间的推移,父母对亲生子女与非亲生子女的教育代际弹性越来越相近,说明后天教育对人力资本积累很重要。

As educational attainment is one of the most important components of human capital,it's appealing to understand how parental education influences schooling years of their children.This paper analyzes the scale of intergenerational education transmission and examines its impacting factors using the 2013 CHARLS(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study)data.The conclusions are as follows.First,the elasticity of educational intergenerational transmission decreases first and then increases over time.Second,the elasticity of parental education for daughters is higher than that for sons.Third,the elasticity of educational intergenerational transmission in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas,which means the intergenerational mobility is lower in rural areas.And last,the elasticity of educational intergenerational transmission from parents to biological and to non-biological children is getting much closer,which highlights the importance of nurturing.