范长江西蒙行行程与路线考辨

Historical and Geographic Research On the Routes of Fan Changjiang's Ejina Journey

大公报记者范长江先生1936年8月至10月孤身冒险前往内蒙古额济纳旗考察,次年发表了题名《忆西蒙》的长篇纪行。范长江此次西蒙之行揭露了日本侵略势力入侵中国西北边疆地区的危急实况,特别是日本间谍分子在额济纳旗的猖獗活动,最终促使国民政府下决心一举铲除了额旗日特机关。为了弥补以往研究者对范长江西蒙行研究的空白点,本文重点对范长江西蒙行的具体行程及往返行走路线方面进行了多方考证。根据发现的地理资料,明确澄清了范长江随新绥长途汽车公司车队从归化城出发至额济纳旗的行经路线,界定了"黑沙图"这个目前已在地图上消失的西北重要交通要冲的方位;返程时范长江乘骆驼越过巴丹吉林沙漠地区,本文归纳出从额旗至定远营的"三个路段和两个拐点",指明各路段的地理特征以及两个拐点对应的新旧地名及其坐标位置。结合以上分析,本文绘制出"范长江西蒙行路线复原图",为读者展示资料详尽的记者西蒙行行程一览表,并为今后的研究者提供必要的资料线索。

Fan Changjiang,a renowned reporter of Takung pao Daily,risked his life to visit Ejina from late August to early Octobor in 1936, and publish his serial news reports, entitled Stories of Western Inner Mongolia, in Guowen Weekly next year. Upon his trip to Ejina, Fan exposed the urgent Crisis aroused by Japanese invasion in China’s northwest frontier, notably rampant Japanese espionage activities in Ejina. Finally, his reports prompted the Chinese government to make decision to completely destroy Japanese espionage organs in Ejina. This paper focuses on Fan’s itinerary and route map of Ejina trip which is still unknown to previous researchers. This paper also identifies Fan’s outward route from Guihua City to Ejina by Xinsui Long Distance Bus Company and locates geographic coordinates of Heishatu which was the important transportation hub in northwest China, but nowadays disappeared from regular maps. For his return journey riding camels, this paper sums up 3 Lines & 2 Turning Points from Ejina to Dingyuanying, elaboratesthe geographic features of each lines and locates geographic coordinates of each point with their names old and new. According to the analyses above, this paper provides a restored map of Fan’s historical journey. And, this paper also draws The Chart of Fan Changjiang’s Trip to Ejina with geographic and historical data for future research references.