新疆库尔勒市普惠镇重点人群碘营养现况调查结果分析

Analysis of iodine nutritional status of key population in Puhui Town,Korla Xinjiang

目的调查新疆库尔勒市普惠镇重点人群碘营养现况。方法2018年,采集普惠镇集中式供水出厂水、末梢水和自备井井水共29份,另抽取普惠镇8~10岁儿童200人及育龄妇女、孕妇100人,采集尿样、家庭盐样、血样。采用砷铈催化分光光度法检测水碘、尿碘,直接滴定法检测盐碘及超声法检查甲状腺。按《水源性高碘地区和地方性高碘甲状腺肿病区的划定》(GB/T 19380-2016)标准对普惠镇进行评估。结果普惠镇水碘(n=29)中位数为76.1μg/L。盐碘(n=175)中位数为27.76mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为98.29%(172/175),居民合格碘盐食用率为96.00%(168/175)。8~10岁儿童(n=208)、育龄妇女(n=73)、孕妇(n=25)的尿碘中位数分别为292.47、248.23、246.36μg/L;8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为1.9%(4/208),育龄妇女和孕妇未检出甲状腺肿大者。结论普惠镇孕妇碘营养处于适宜状态,8~10岁儿童和育龄妇女处于超出适宜量状态,8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率较低。根据国家标准,普惠镇不属于水源性高碘地区。

Objective To investigate iodine nutritional status of key population in Puhui Town,Korla Xinjiang.Methods In 2018,totally 29 samples of factory water,peripheral water and self-prepared well water from centralized water supply in Puhui Town were collected,and urine samples,salt samples and blood samples were collected from 200 children aged 8 to 10 years old and 100 women of childbearing age(including pregnant women)in Puhui Town.Arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method was used for determination of iodine in water and urine;the salt iodine was determined using direct titration and the thyroid was examined by ultrasound.The assessment was conducted according to the standard of "Delineation of Water-source Areas and Endemic Areas of High Iodine Goiter"(GB/T 19380-2016).Results In this survey,the median of water iodine in Puhui town(n= 29)was 76.1 μg/L,and the median of salt iodine(n= 175)was 27.76 mg/kg;the rate of iodized salt was 98.29%(172/175);the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 96.00%(168/175);the medians of urinary iodine of children aged 8 to 10 years old(n= 208),women of childbearing age(n= 73),and pregnant women(n= 25)were 292.47,248.23,and 246.36 μg/L,respectively.The thyroid enlargement rate was 1.9%(4/208)in children aged 8-10 years old,no swelling of women of childbearing age and pregnant women.Conclusions Iodine nutrition of pregnant women is in an appropriate state;both the children aged 8 to 10 years old and the women of childbearing aged are in excess of the appropriate level;goiter rate is lower in children.According to the national standards,Puhui Town does not belong to waterborne high iodine area.