巴勒斯坦民族主义运动特点探析

An Initial Analysis of the Features of the Nationalist Movement in Palestine

巴勒斯坦民族主义运动是当代民族解放运动的典型个案,它具有五个特点。第一,民族认同多变,致使巴勒斯坦人一度将民族自决领导权拱手让给阿拉伯国家。第二,中央机构权威有限,无法集中全力实现民族自决目标。第三,精英团体的分化与分裂并存,宗派主义盛行,各精英团体难以保持团结。第四,存在地理与年龄方面的族群极化,立场分歧日趋严重。第五,经济民族主义长期缺失,巴勒斯坦人重视政治斗争,却轻视经济独立甚至形成对以色列的经济依赖,遗患无穷。这些特征反映了巴勒斯坦民族主义运动的缺陷,是其未能取得成功的根本原因。

The Palestinian nationalist movement is a typical case of the contemporary national liberation movement,which assumes five features.First,its national identity is so changeful that the Palestinians once gave the leadership of their self-determination to the Arab countries.Second,the central authority is so limited that it cannot concentrate all its efforts on achieving the target of national self-determination.Third,differentiation and division have long existed among the elite groups,which have given rise to prevailing sectarianism and disunity among the elite groups.Fourth,geographical and generational polarization has persisted among different groups,thus causing a serious disagreement in their standpoints.Fifth,economic nationalism has long been missing,as the Palestinians have attached great importance to the political struggle,while overlooking their economic independence from the Israeli economy,thus ending up in heavy dependence on the latter,which will see no end of trouble for the future.These features have reflected the defects of the Palestinian nationalist movement,which are the causes for their failure to achieve self-determination.