基于光学视觉辅助无人机自主降落研究综述

Research on autonomous landing of UAV Based on optical vision

相对于无线电导航、惯性导航和GPS导航,光学视觉辅助系统依靠其特有的无源性、实时性和动态感知优势,有效解决了无人机降落过程中易干扰、延时长、积累误差大的问题。利用无人机光学视觉设备搜集实时图像信息,辅助控制系统进行无人机自主降落的研究,是现阶段无人机研究的热点方向。从无人机的发展历史引出无人机自主降落的前世今生,再到视觉辅助无人机自主降落的研究动态和展望,指出以光学视觉信息为基础,利用人工智能融合计算机控制和信息传感器等组合系统辅助无人机进行降落是当前无人机自主降落发展的必然趋势。

Compared with the radio navigation, inertial navigation and GPS navigation, optical vision aided system relies on its unique passivity, real - time and dynamic perception advantages, effectively solves the UAV landing process easy to interfere, long delay, accumulated error problems. Using UAV optical vision equipment to collect real -time image information and assistant control system for autonomous landing of UAV is a hot research direction of UAV at this stage. The development history of UAV leads to the research trends and prospects of UAV autonomous landing, and then to the Vision- Assisted UAV autonomous landing. It is pointed out that the UAV autonomous landing is based on optical vision information, using artificial intelligence, computer control and information sensor system to assist UAV autonomous landing. The inevitable trend of main landing development.