基于三维激光点云的矿区建筑物形变特征提取方法

Extraction method of building deformation in mining area based on 3D laser point cloud

三维激光扫描技术在近年来采空区地表建筑物变形监测中的应用日益频繁。但因其所获取的数据量巨大,如何从众多的点云数据中提取出研究对象的形变信息应当是当下研究的重点。文章以安居三中校区楼房为例,借由三维激光扫描技术获取多期点云数据,并进行配准、滤波、抽稀等数据预处理工作;利用Geomagic系列软件对点云进行曲面重构,建立NURBS模型(非均匀有理B样条曲线);计算模型与点云数据间的3D、2D偏差,得到不同期数据间的空间位置变化,最终提取出建筑物水平变形值与倾斜值两项形变信息。在研究最后,加入实测值与理论规律的对比,证明该方法具有一定的可靠性和实用价值。

The application of 3D laser scanning technology in the deformation monitoring of surface buildings in goaf has become more and more frequent in recent years. However, because of the huge amount of data it acquires, how to extract the deformation information of the research object from many point cloud data should be the focus of current research. Taking the building of the Anju NO. 3 Campus as an example, the paper obtains multi-period point cloud data by 3D laser scanning technology, and performs data pre - processing such as registration, filtering and thinning;using Geomagic series software to reconstruct the surface of the point cloud. The NURBS model (non-uni? form rational B-spline curve) is established;the 3D and 2D deviations between the model and the point cloud data are calculated, and the spatial position changes between different periods of data are obtained, and finally the two deformations of the horizontal deformation value and the tilt value of the building are extracted, information. At the end of the study, the comparison between the measured values and the theoretical laws is proved, which proves that the method has certain reliability and practical value.