高粱重组自交系含糖量及相关性状遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Sugar Content and Related Traits of Sorghum Recombinant Inbred Lines

甜高粱(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)茎秆多汁多糖、乙醇转化率高,是最具优势的生物质能源作物之一。本试验以‘忻粱52’(粒用高粱)בW452’(甜高粱)得到的292个F8代重组自交系群体为材料,采用主-多基因遗传分析法对高粱含糖量及相关性状进行遗传分析,为甜高粱育种及分子标记辅助育种创造条件。研究结果表明:株高、茎秆鲜重、含糖量都符合数量性状遗传且存在极显著的正相关性;株高符合无主基因而仅有多基因存在的A_0模型,多基因的遗传率为55.05%;茎秆鲜重符合两对主基因控制的B_1模型,即加性-显性-上位性混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率为60.94%;含糖量符合两对主基因控制的B_6模型,即等显性模型,不存在上位性效应,主基因遗传率为62.66%。株高、茎秆鲜重、含糖量性状具有较高的遗传力,对于甜高粱品种的筛选和新品种的培育具有深远的意义。

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) stems are juicy and sweet, and the conversion rate of ethanol is high, which is one of the most advantageous biomass energy crops. In this study, 292 F8 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between the sweet sorghum cultivar 'W452* and grain-sorghum 'Xinliang 52' were used to conduct the genetic analysis of sugar content and related characters by major gene plus polygene mixed genetic model. It also created conditions for sweet sorghum breeding and molecular marker assisted breeding. The results showed that plant height, fresh stem weight and sugar content all accorded with quantitative trait inheritance and had significant positive correlation. The plant height traits fitted into the Model A O, which had no main gene but only multiple genes, and the genetic rate of polygenes was 55.05%. The stem fresh weight traits fitted into B l model, that was the mixed genetic model of additivity丒dominance丒epistasis, and the heritability was 60.94%. The sugar content traits fitted into B_6 model, that was the mixed genetic model of complete dominance, and the heritability was 62.66%. The traits of plant height, stem weight and sugar content had high genetic power, which had a profound significance for the selection of sweet sorghum varieties and the breeding of new varieties.