从“以物为本”到“以人为本”的回归:国际遗产学界新趋势

New Developments in International Heritage Studies: Shifting from a Material-Centric Approach to a People-Oriented Approach

让文化遗产活起来,是我国文化遗产事业面临的机遇与挑战。国际遗产学界在这方面进行了大量探讨,跨学科、有反思性的研究潮流正在兴起。其总体特点是以人为本,对遗产的物质性与文化性进行整合思考,重新理解遗产,更加重视遗产发挥的作用。其研究主题包括遗产的再理论化、遗产价值、对遗产保护运动中忽视民众的偏颇进行反思、对世界文化遗产再思考等。国内遗产保护与利用应与时俱进,确立"以人为本"的理念,让遗产活起来,走出一条符合国情的文化遗产保护利用之路。

To enliven cultural heritage is an important opportunity as well as a challenge for the cultural heritage sector in China. Issues in this regard have been thoroughly explored in the heritage field with interdisciplinary, critical heritage studies. The studies feature a people-oriented approach, prompting a revisiting of heritage incorporating the materiality and cultural dimension. Uses of heritage and contributions that heritage can make to the contemporary generation are prioritized in this movement. The research themes include re-theorizations of heritage, debates on heritage values, reflections on the marginalization of communities, and reflections on World Heritage program. This study reviews this emerging trend and discusses its implications for the conservation and utilization of cultural heritage in China.