游泳场所从业人员呼吸系统不适症状及其影响因素

Symptoms of respiratory system among employees in public swimming venues and its influencing factors

目的了解游泳场所从业人员呼吸系统不适症状的现状及其影响因素。方法于2016年对全国30个省(自治区、直辖市)和新疆生产建设兵团共186家游泳场所的1 600名从业人员进行问卷调查,分析不同特征从业人员的呼吸系统不适症状差异,并采用logistic回归分析影响游泳场所从业人员呼吸系统不适症状的主要因素。结果本次调查的游泳场所从业人员呼吸系统不适症状的发生率为37.19%(595/1 600)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,与工龄<1年的从业人员相比,工龄为6年及以上的人员出现呼吸系统症状的OR(95%CI)值为2.109(1.492～2.982);与不吸烟者相比,仍吸烟的人员OR(95%CI)值为1.325(1.017～1.727);与洗手时不用洗手液或肥皂者相比,使用洗手液或肥皂的人员OR(95%CI)值为0.466(0.296～0.733);与工作场所通风情况好的人员相比,通风情况一般和不好的场所中的从业人员OR(95%CI)值分别为2.720(2.165～3.417)和12.506(6.355～24.613),上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论游泳场所从业人员的呼吸系统不适症状发生率较高,工龄、吸烟、卫生习惯、工作场所通风情况是重要的影响因素,建议加强对从业人员卫生相关知识培训,减少其呼吸系统不适症状的发生。

Objective To understand the current status of respiratory symptoms and its influencing factors among employees in the public swimming venues. Methods In 2016, a questionnaire survey of 1 600 employees collected from 186 swimming venues in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was performed. The chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in prevalence of respiratory symptoms among employees with different characteristics. Logistic regression was used to analyze the main factors affecting the respiratory symptoms of the employees. Results The incidence of respiratory discomfort in the employees was 37.19%(595/1 600). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that employees with the working age of M6 years presented higher risk of respiratory symptoms [OR(95%Cl): 2.109( 1.492- 2.982)] compared with those with the working age <one year.Compared with non-smokers, the smokers revealed higher risk of respiratory symptoms [OR (95%CI): 1.325 (1.017-1.727)];Employees washing hand with sanitizer or soap had lower risk of respiratory symptoms[OR(95%CI): 0.466 (0.296-0.733)] compared with those without. Employees working in swimming venues with bad[OR(95%C/): 2.720(2.165-3.417)] or worse[OR(95%CI): 12.506(6.355-24.613)] ventilation showed higher risk of respiratory symptoms compared with those with good ventilation. Conclusion The incidence of respiratory discomfort in the employees in public swimming venues is higher, the working age, smoking and knowledge of health knowledge are important factors. It is recommended to strengthen the training of health-related knowledge of employees.