工作场所空气中15种金属元素的电感耦合等离子体-质谱等四种测定方法对比研究

A comparative study of FAAS,ICP-MS,ICP-AES and AFS in determination of 15 kinds of metal elements in air of workplace

目的比较原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)、电感耦合等离子体-质谱(ICP-MS)、电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)、原子荧光分光光度法(AFS)测定工作场所空气中常见的15种金属元素的优缺点及各自的适用范围。方法对采样滤膜前处理后,分别采用四种方法进行测定。结果四种方法标准曲线的线性关系良好(r均大于0.998),除ICP-MS测定Zn、Fe、Hg、Na,FAAS测定Cr、Na的RSD>3.0%,其它测定结果的RSD均<3.0%。ICP-MS测定Fe、Na、Hg的回收率分别为124.8%、119%、129%,其它元素回收率为94.3%～109.3%,且对几种标准物质的测定结果均符合参考值。ICP-MS检出限最低,次之为AFS、ICP-AES,AAS检出限最高。结论对于工作场所空气中金属元素的测定优先选定ICP-AES法,AFS法测定汞更具有优势。

Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of four analytic methods such as atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS) for determination of 15 kinds of metals commonly found in air of workplace, and to compare their respective scope of application. Methods The four methods were used to determine15 kinds of metals after the sample filter membranes were pretreated. Results The linear relationship of the four methods was better,with correlative coefficient greater than 0.998. The precision of determination results was less than 3.0%, except for the determination of Zn, Fe, Hg and Na by ICP-MS, Cr and Na by FAAS. The recovery rate of Fe, Na and Hg determined by ICPMS were 124.8%, 119% and 129% respectively, while the recovery rate of other elements were 94.3%-109.3%. And the determination results of several standard substances were in accordance with the reference values. The limit of detection of ICP-MS was the lowest, followed by AFS, ICP-AES. The limit of detection of AAS was the highest. Conclusion ICP-AES is the preferred method for the determination of metals in air of workplace. AFS has an advantage for the determination of Hg.