什克洛夫斯基笔下的《列夫·托尔斯泰传》

Leo Tolstoy by Critic Shklovski

什克洛夫斯基的《列夫·托尔斯泰传》是一部思想深厚、艺术精湛的文学传记。作者基于历史主义原则,汲取托尔斯泰的日记、通信、回忆录,艾亨鲍姆乃至列宁关于托尔斯泰的论述,通过大量的生活素材和文学事实,揭示了托尔斯泰创作意识及其个性成因,阐发了托尔斯泰的伟大与矛盾。同时,作者并不囿于对托尔斯泰的生平纪实,还大量揭示了其精神探寻过程中的内心感受;既侧重于对托尔斯泰作品的细致解读,又致力于对传记书写方法的潜心思考。

Rich in thought and superb artistic devices, Shklovski’s literary biography of Leo Tolstoy is widely acclaimed. Based on historicism principles, Shklovski drew on Tolstoy's diaries, correspondence, and memoirs, as well as Eichenbaum's and even Lenin's exposition of Tolstoy in this biography. Grounded on life material and literature facts, Shklovski tried to reveal Tolstoy's consciousness in his creation and the underlying causes of his personality development, analyzing his greatness and paradox. Meanwhile, Shklovski was not confined to a documentary description of Tolstoy's life. With the focus on a detailed interpretation of Tolstoy's works and intense speculation of the approach to writing a biography, Shklovski explored Tolstoy's inner feelings in his spiritual pursuit.