FDM工艺成型参数对软材料TPU制品力学性能的影响

Influence of Molding Parameters on the Mechanical Properties for Soft Material TPU Products in FDM Process

用挤出机将TPU粒料挤出成型线材,经结构改进后的3D打印机将TPU线材打印成测试试样,通过正交实验方法,研究了填充率、平台温度、喷嘴温度对TPU制品的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率以及动态热力学性能的影响,并与同种材料的模压试样进行对比。结果表明:填充率、平台温度和喷嘴温度对试样力学性能具有明显的影响,其中,影响程度为喷嘴温度>填充率>平台温度;当填充率为75%、平台温度为50°和喷嘴温度为220℃时,TPU制品的力学性能最佳,拉伸强度为23.04MPa,断裂伸长率为956.02%,分别为模压试样的75.12%和82.01%,邵氏A硬度为84。因此,填充率、平台温度和喷嘴温度等影响TPU制品的力学性能,合理设置成型参数能获得接近模压制品的力学性能。

TPU grains were extruded into wires by extruder, and TPU wires were printed to test samples by improved 3D printer. The effects of filling ratio, plateau temperature and nozzle temperature on tensile strength , elongation at break and dynamic thermodynamic properties of TPU products were studied by orthogonal experiment. TPU products were compared with the same molded material. The results showed that the filling rate, plateau temperature and nozzle temperature had influence on the mechanical properties of the samples, and the degree of influence was nozzle temperature > filling rate > plateau temperature;the best mechanical properties of TPU products were obtained when the filling rate was 75%, the plateau temperature was 50℃ and the nozzle temperature was 220℃. in the test groups, and the tensile strength was 23. 04 MPa. The elongation at break was 956. 02%, which was 75. 12% and 82. 01 % of molded samples respectively , and the Shore A hardness was 84. It could be seen that the filling rate, platform temperature and nozzle temperature had affected the mechanical properties of TPU products. Through reasonable setting of molding parameters, TPU product with similar mechanical properties to molded products could be achieved.