农业遗产视角下传统村落的类型划分及发展思路探索——基于江苏28个传统村落的调查

Classification and Development of Traditional Villages from the Perspective of Agricultural Cultural Heritage——Survey Based on Traditional Villages in Jiangsu

传统村落是认识和传承中华农业文明的根基,其健康发展是乡村振兴的重要内容。文章引入农业遗产的研究视角和分类标准,结合中国传统村落的特征和认定标准,将传统村落划分为五个类别:传统建筑型、农业景观型、农业特产型、工商贸易型、民俗文化型。通过对江苏传统村落的调查,总结发展中普遍存在的问题与误区,并提出基于村落类型特点和相关政策的发展思路:突出传统风貌,助力传统建筑型和工商贸易型村落发展;贯彻绿色发展理念,引领农业景观型村落发展;提高农产品附加值,带动农业特产型村落发展;重塑乡村文化,促进民俗文化型村落发展。

Traditional villages are the foundation of understanding and inheriting Chinese agricultural civilization,and its healthy development is an important part of rural revitalization.This paper introduces the research perspective and classification criteria of agricultural heritage,and combines the characteristics and identification criteria of traditional Chinese villages to divide traditional villages into five categories:1) traditional architectural type;2) agricultural landscape type;3) characteristic agricultural product type;4) commercial type:5) folk culture type.Through the investigation of traditional villages in Jiangsu,the problems and misunderstandings in development are summarized,and the development ideas based on the characteristics of village types and related policies are proposed:1) To highlight the traditional features and promote the development of traditional architectural villages and commercial villages;2) To implement the concept of green development and lead the development of agricultural landscape villages;3) To increase the added value of agricultural productsand promote the development of characteristic agricultural products villages;4) To reshape rural culture and promote the development of folk culture villages.