百年美国史学:从客观性到后现代主义挑战

A Centennial Development of American Historiography

"客观性"自19世纪末在美国史学界被奉为圭臬以来,对20世纪初美国史学专业化的建设以及美国史学的发展发挥了极大作用。本文围绕"客观性"这一中心问题,试图从其形成和衍变、受到挑战和修正及其如何得到捍卫的历程中,梳理美国历史学从诞生至20世纪末这一百多年的发展脉络,进而彰显百年来美国史学发展的常与变、博大与深广。

Since the coronation of "objectivity" in American historiography circles at the end of the 19th century,it played a great role in the construction and development of American historiography in the early 20th century.Focusing on the central issue of "objectivity" and reviewing the process of its formation and evolution,challenge and revision,and how it was defended,this paper attempts to comb the development vein of American historiography from the birth of American historiography to the end of the 20th century,so as to highlight the changeable and unchangeable,broad and profound factors in the centennial development of American historiography.