宽X射线防护稀土/聚丙烯纤维的制备与性能

Preparation and Properties of Rare Earth/PP Composite Fibers for Wild-Band X-Ray Shielding

以稀土氧化镧、氧化铕、氧化镱作为射线屏蔽剂,采用KH-560对稀土进行有机改性,通过密炼机将稀土和聚丙烯(PP)共混,然后对共混物进行熔融纺丝,得到了单一稀土填充以及稀土并用填充的复合纤维。采用红外光谱、差示扫描量热、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等方法对所得纤维进行结构性能表征,并将短纤维层压作防辐射测试。实验结果表明,改性后的稀土氧化物在聚丙烯基体中分散更均匀。当稀土填充总量一样时,在各铅当量测试电压下,3种稀土氧化物并用复合材料的P值都比单一稀土氧化物复合材料的P值高,当测试电压为90 keV时,3种稀土氧化物并用复合材料的P值比氧化镱稀土复合材料的P值高37.2%。当铅当量测试电压范围为80～120 keV时,3种稀土氧化物并用复合材料的P值可达到0.5 mmPb/(g·cm^(-2))。

Using Lanthanum oxide, europium oxide, and ytterbium oxide as X-ray shielding agent, these rare earth oxides were modified with KH-560, then rare earth/PP composite fibers filled with different kinds of rare earth were prepared by melt spinning. Structures and properties of the fibers were characterized by the Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and scanning electron micrographs (SEM). Short fibers were compression-molded for the test of lead equivalent. The results show that, compared with unmodified rare earth, organically modified rare earth disperses more evenly in the PP matrix. With the same content of rare earth added, the P value of the composite fibers filled with three kinds of rare earth oxide blends is higher than that of the composite fibers filled with one kind of rare earth oxide under different testing voltages. When the testing voltage is 90 keV, the P value of the composite fibers filled with three kinds of rare earth oxide blends is 37.2% higher than that of composite fibers filled with ytterbium oxide rare earth. When the lead equivalent test voltage ranges from 80 keV to 120 keV, the P value of the composite fibers filled with three kinds of rare earth oxide blends can reach 0.5 mmPb/(g·cm^-2).