河流悬移质通量估算方法比较及结果影响因素分析

Comparison of methods estimating suspended sediment flux in rivers and influencing factors

水文测验中对水质方面浓度数据的观测时间间隔一般都比较长,对其年通量进行计算时存在较大的不确定性,而对悬移质泥沙一般都有比较密集的观测数据。以长系列悬移质泥沙数据为基础,按不同的时间间隔选出数据,用目前常用的6种估算方法计算得到通量;然后从算法的无偏性和稳定性两个方面对各方法的计算精度和适用范围进行分析。结果表明:A,B两种算法存在显著误差,估算值较真实值小;当采样效率高,测站流域面积较大时,C,D,E,F方法的系统误差几乎为0;各方法的估算结果与采样周期控制流域面积关系显著。所得结论对评估水质方面有关通量计算方法的精度有一定参考意义。

The interval of observation time of water quality concentration data in hydrological test is generally long,so there is great uncertainty in the calculation of annual flux of water quality concentration,while the suspended sediment generally has more dense observation data.The data are selected from long-term suspended sediment data according to different intervals,and the fluxes are calculated by six commonly used estimation methods.Then the calculation accuracy and application range of various methods are analyzed from the unbiasedness and stability of the algorithms.The conclusion can be used as a reference for evaluating the accuracy of calculation method in water quality flux.