摘要
"同情"是一个古老的哲学概念,在心理学中它被称为共情,在认知科学中它被称为社会认知。这个概念之所以被不同学科反复提及,是因为哲学家、社会科学家都认为,这种能够获取他人精神状态的能力是人类社会得以构建的基础。因此不同的哲学家赋予了它不同的内涵,并以此为基础构筑自己的形而上学来描述人类生活。然而神经科学的出现打破了一部分哲学家构建哲学世界的蓝图,它以实证的方法约束了哲学概念的范围,尤其是镜像神经元的发现给了我们工具来衡量这些理论的基础。
“Sympathy” is an ancient philosophical concept. In psychology it is called empathy. In cognitive science it is called social cognition. This concept has been repeatedly mentioned in different disciplines because both philosophers and social scientists believe that this ability to acquire the mental state of others is the basis for the construction of human society. Therefore, different philosophers have given it different connotations and used it as a basis to construct their own metaphysics to describe human life. However, the emergence of neuroscience broke the blueprint that some philosophers dream to build a philosophical world. It constrained the scope of philosophical concepts in an empirical way. In particular, the discovery of mirror neurons gave us the tools to measure the basis of these theories.
作者
王腾辉
WANG Teng-hui(Research Institute of Philosophy of Science and Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China)
基金
山西省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(201803041)
