丙酸铬对常规饲养肉鸡生长性能、血清脂代谢、胴体品质及免疫功能的影响

Effects of Chromium Propionate on Growth Performance,Serum Lipid Metabolism,Carcass Traits and Immune Function of Broilers Fed under Normal Conditions

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平丙酸铬(CrPro)对常规饲养条件下饲养21 d的肉雏鸡生长性能、血清脂代谢、胴体品质及免疫功能的影响。试验选用体重均一的1日龄科宝500雄性雏鸡252只,随机分为6个组,每组7个重复,每个重复6只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮(含铬0.62 mg/kg),试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6和3.2 mg/kg CrPro(以铬计)的饲粮。试验鸡只自由采食和饮水,试验期21 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加不同水平的CrPro对肉鸡生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮中添加不同水平的CrPro对血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)含量随饲粮中CrPro添加水平的上升而线性升高(P<0.05)。3)饲粮中添加不同水平的CrPro对肉鸡胴体性能和胸肌肉品质均无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量随饲粮CrPro添加水平的提高呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05),并且均在0.4 mg/kg添加组达到最大值; CrPro添加水平有影响肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量的趋势(P=0.057 4),且其随着饲粮CrPro添加水平的提高呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。5)饲粮中添加不同水平的CrPro对21日龄肉鸡免疫器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可知,饲粮添加CrPro对常规饲养条件下饲养21 d肉鸡的生长性能、胴体性能及肉品质无显著影响,但随饲粮CrPro添加水平的升高,肉鸡血清IgA、IgG及IgM含量均呈现二次曲线变化,且在CrPro添加水平为0.4 mg/kg时达到最大值;饲粮添加CrPro线性提高了常规饲养条件下饲养21 d肉鸡血清LDLC含量。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different supplemental levels of chromium propionate (CrPro) on the growth performance,serum lipid metabolism,carcass traits and immune function of broilers reared under normal conditions for 21 days. A total of 252 one-day-old male broilers (Cobb 500) were divided into 6 groups with 7 replicates per group and 6 birds per replicate. Broilers in the control groups were fed a corn-soybean type basal diet contained of 0.62 mg/kg chromium,and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.2,0.4,0.8,1.6 and 3.2 mg CrPro (calculated by chromium),respectively. Birds had ad libitum access to diets and distilled-deionized water for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) different dietary CrPro levels had no significant effects on the growth performance of broilers ( P > 0.05). 2) The serum contents of total cholesterol,triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not significantly affected by different dietary CrPro levels ( P >0.05). However,the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) content was increased linearly as the dietary CrPro level increased ( P <0.05). 3) Different dietary CrPro levels did not significantly influence carcass traits and breast muscle quality of broilers ( P >0.05). 4) The serum contents of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) of broilers were improved quadratically with the dietary CrPro level increasing ( P <0.05),and both reached the maximum when the CrPro supplementation level was 0.4 mg/kg. Quadratic trend response was exhibited by serum immunoglobulin (IgM) content as the dietary CrPro level increased ( P =0.057 4). 5) The immune organ indices of broilers were not significantly affected by dietary CrPro level ( P >0.05). It is concluded that dietary CrPro has no significant effects on the growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality of broilers fed under normal conditions for 21 days. However,with the dietary CrPro level increasing,the serum contents of IgA,IgG and IgM show quadratic change,and all three reach the maximum when the CrPro supplemental level is 0.4 mg/kg . The serum LDLC content is increased linearly by CrPro supplementation.