春花生秧与夏花生秧的营养价值评价及瘤胃降解率比较

Evaluation of Nutrient Value and Comparison of Rumen Degradation Rate between Spring-Grown Peanut Vine and Summer-Grown Peanut Vine

本试验旨在研究春花生秧与夏花生秧的常规营养成分,并应用康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)评价其营养价值及其在奶牛瘤胃中降解特性的差异。采集河南地区春花生秧样品16个,夏花生秧样品28个,测定其干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗脂肪(EE)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)、粗灰分(Ash)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、淀粉、中性洗涤不溶氮(NDFIP)、酸性洗涤不溶氮(ADFIP)、非蛋白氮(NPN)、可溶性蛋白(SCP)含量及总能(GE)。选取3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国荷斯坦干奶牛,饲喂同一种全混合日粮(TMR),采取尼龙袋法测定花生秧的DM、CP、NDF和ADF在奶牛瘤胃中的72 h降解率,并计算其降解参数及有效降解率,应用CNCPS计算其碳水化合物和蛋白质组分,评定花生秧的营养价值。结果表明:1)春花生秧的CP、Ash、Ca、SCP含量极显著高于夏花生秧(P <0.01),NDF、ADF、ADL含量和GE极显著低于夏花生秧(P <0.01),P含量显著低于夏花生秧(P <0.05)。2)春花生秧的DM、CP、NDF、ADF有效有降解率显著高于夏花生秧(P <0.05)。3)春花生秧的快速降解真蛋白质(PB1)、中速降解真蛋白质(PB2)、快速降解碳水化合物(CA)、非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量极显著高于夏花生秧(P<0.01),NPN(PA)、碳水化合物、中速降解碳水化合物(CB2)含量显著低于夏花生秧(P<0.05),不可降解真蛋白质(PC)、不可降解碳水化合物(CC)含量极显著低于夏花生秧(P<0.01)。由此可见,春花生秧的营养价值优于夏花生秧,且瘤胃降解率均高于夏花生秧,其在瘤胃中的利用率较好,饲用价值更高。

This experiment was conducted to study the routine nutrient composition of spring-grown peanut vine and summer-grown peanut vine,and to evaluate the nutrient values and their degradation characteristics difference in rumen of cows using Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system (CNCPS). Sixteen spring-grown peanut vine and twenty-eight summer-grown peanut vine were collected from Henan province,and the contents of dry matter (DM),crude protein (CP),neutral detergent fiber (NDF),acid detergent fiber (ADF),ether extract (EE),calcium (Ca),phosphorus (P),crude ash (Ash),acid detergent lignin (ADL),starch,NDF insoluble protein (NDFIP),ADF insoluble protein (ADFIP),non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and soluble protein (SCP) and gross energy (GE) were determined. Three Chinese dry Holstein dairy cows fitted with permanent rumen cannula were selected to feed the same total mixed ration (TMR),the degradation rates of DM,CP,NDF and ADF of peanut vine in 72 h in rumen were determined by the nylon bag technique,and their degradation parameters and effective degradation rate were figured out,the carbohydrate and protein components were calculated using CNCPS,and evaluated the nutrient values of peanut vine. The results showed as follows:1) the contents of CP,Ash,Ca and SCP in spring-grown peanut vine were significantly higher than those of summer-grown peanut vine ( P <0.01),the contents of NDF,ADF,ADL and GE were significantly lower than those of summer-grown peanut vine ( P <0.01),and the P content was significantly lower than that of summer-grown peanut vine ( P <0.05). 2) The effective degradation rates of DM,CP,NDF and ADF of spring-grown peanut vine were significantly higher than those of summer-grown peanut vine ( P <0.05). 3) The contents of rapid degradation true protein (PB1),medium degradation true protein (PB2),rapid degradation carbohydrate (CA) and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) in spring-grown peanut vine were significantly higher than those in summer-grown peanut vine ( P <0.01),the contents of NPN (PA),carbohydrate and medium degradation carbohydrate (CB2) was significantly lower than those in summer-grown peanut vine ( P <0.05),and the contents of non-degradation true protein (PC) and non-degradation carbohydrate (CC) were significantly lower than those in summer-grown peanut vine ( P <0.01). Thus,the nutrient values of spring-grown peanut vine is superior to that of summer-grown peanut vine,and the rumen degradation rates are higher than that of summer-grown peanut vine,which has relatively high utilization rate in rumen and the feeding value is higher.