含挥发性颗粒物采样装置的设计与实验研究

Design and Experimental Study of Sampling Device for Volatile Particulate Matter

为了能够采集、检测环境中的挥发性颗粒物,基于挥发性颗粒物热脱冷凝的物理特性和采样装置的采样原理,设计出含挥发性颗粒物采样装置,并计算了串级冲击采样装置的相关参数;基于电磁的磁性原理和齿轮传动原理设计了自动换膜装置。挥发性颗粒物采集影响因素正交实验及采集效率实验结果表明:采样时间、制热温度、制冷温度是影响挥发性颗粒物采集率的主要因素。在采样时间为5 min、制热温度为40℃、冷凝温度为15℃时,挥发性颗粒物的采集率达到60%～80%,总采集率达到80. 21%～90. 79%。该装置能够为实验研究提供一种操作简易、精度较高的挥发性颗粒物收集手段。

In order to collect and detect the volatile particles in the environment,a sampling device containing volatile particles was designed based on the physical characteristics of the thermal decondensation of volatile particles and the sampling principle of the sampling device,and the relevant parameters of the cascade impact sampling device were calculated;an automatic film exchange device was designed based on the principle of electromagnetic magnetism and gear transmission. The orthogonal experiment of collecting influencing factors and the experiment of acquisition efficiency on volatile particles prove that,sampling time,heating temperature and cooling temperature are the main factors affecting the collection rate of volatile particles. For 5 min at sampling time,heating temperature of 40 ℃,the cooling temperature of 15 ℃,volatile particulate collection rate reaches 60% to 80%,the total collection rate reaches 80. 21% to 90. 79%. The device can provide a simple and accurate method to collect volatile particles for experimental research.