一种发射药用缓蚀剂的制备及表征

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Inhibitor for Propellant

制备硅油/脲醛树脂微胶囊作为发射药用缓蚀剂;采用原位聚合一步法,以乳化硅油作为直接原料,用尿素和甲醛合成脲醛树脂原位包覆硅油液滴;所制备的微胶囊形貌规整,粒径2μm左右且分散性好,囊壁致密强度高;红外分析结果表明脲醛树脂确已成功包覆住硅油;热分析结果显示微胶囊壁材的热分解可以分为3个阶段,最终可以得到15%wt的二氧化硅;半密闭爆发器烧蚀管试验表明该微胶囊具有较高的缓蚀效率,适宜的缓蚀剂添加量应为发射药质量的2. 1%,此时对应的缓蚀效率可达到28. 6%。

The silicone oil/urea-formaldehyde resin microcapsules were prepared as an anti-erosion inhibitor. Using emulsified silicone oil as a direct raw material, microcapsules were prepared by in-situ polymerization with silicone oil droplets as the core material and urea-formaldehyde resin as the shell material. The obtained microcapsules have a particle size of about 2 μm with regular morphology, good dispersibility and barrier properties. FT-IR analysis showed that the urea-formaldehyde resin had successfully coated silicone oil. Thermal analysis showed that the thermal decomposition of microcapsule wall materials could be divided into three stages, and finally 15% wt of silicon dioxide could be obtained. Semi-closed bomb experiment shows that the erosion property of propellant with microcapsules was significantly decreased when compared to control sample (without microcapsules). It showed a decrease of 28.6% in erosion mass when 2.1wt% of microcapsules were added to the propellant.