玄怪小说《奥尔拉》中的“矛盾”

The "Contradiction" in Horla

超自然,现实性和痛苦是一部玄怪作品不可或缺的三要素。在《奥尔拉》这部著名的经典玄怪小说中,作者却安排了理性、真实性和喜悦感等与之相互矛盾的因素。有趣的是,这些因素非但没有削弱小说的玄怪性,反而增添了作品的神秘色彩。为此,本文以超自然与理性、超自然与真实性以及精神痛苦与喜悦感等三组矛盾在《奥尔拉》中的转化为基础,说明小说中的玄怪性和神秘性是如何被矛盾因素所凸显,以期阐明玄怪文本如何成为读者的迷宫,并使读者理解玄怪文学的美学所在。

The three elements of being supernatural, realist and bitter are indispensible in fantastique works. Horla is a wellknown fantastique classic, in which the author put the exactly contradictory elements---rational, authentic and happy. It is interesting that these elements do not undermine the fantasticness of the work;on the contrary, they enhance the mystical color. So the paper, based on the transformation of the three contradictions between the supernatural and the rational, the supernatural and the authentic, bitterness and happiness, illustrates how fantasticness and mystery are highlighted by them. In this way it can be seen how fantastique works become the maze for the readers and where the aesthetics of the fantastique literature are.