吉林市2007—2016年土地利用类型变化及生态环境评价

The research of land type change and ecological environment evaluation of Jilin city from 2007 to 2016

利用Landsat-TM遥感影像,基于遥感图像处理及GIS空间分析技术,查阅统计年鉴及相关资料,获取2007—2016年吉林市土地利用类型变化过程.采用生态效益模糊评价法,探讨吉林市生态环境评级及其生态脆弱性,并利用生态承载力集对分析法进行验证假设.研究结果表明:吉林市耕地面积逐年减少而城市用地面积逐年缓慢增加,城镇人口数量从1 215. 9万人增长至1 289万人,城镇化进程呈缓慢上升趋势.同时,此10年间城镇化进程使得水资源呈现衰减状态,其总量由346. 04亿m3下降至133亿m3,下降较为明显,资源隶属等级为"差"级,从而加剧生态环境脆弱性.该研究为吉林市土地资源合理分配提供一定的参考依据,对城镇化发展与改善生态环境具有重要的指示意义.

By taking Landsat-TM Remote Sensing image and based on technology of Remote Sensing image processing and GIS spatial analysis,then look up the statistical yearbook and relevant data,the process of land type changes in Jilin city were obtained during the 10 years from 2007 to 2016.By using the fuzzy evaluation method of ecological benefits,the ecological environment rating and ecological vulnerability of Jilin city was discussed,and the set pair analysis method of ecological carrying capacity was used to verify the hypothesis.The results show that the cultivated land area of Jilin city decreased and the urban land area increased year by year,the urban population increased from 12.159 million to 12.89 million.It was indicated that the urbanization process was slowly rising.At the same time,the urbanization of the city of Jilin had led to a decline in the water supply,the total amount of water resources in Jilin decreased from 34.604 billion cubic meters to 13.3 billion cubic meters.The decrease was more obvious,and the resources belong to “bad” grade,so that vulnerability of the ecological environment was increasingly severe.This study can provide strong data to support for rational allocation of land resources in Jilin City and there are important implications for how to improve the relationship between urbanization development and ecological environment.