椎体增强术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折骨水泥渗漏的研究进展

Research progress of vertebral augmentation for bone cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

椎体增强术是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)最常用的微创手术方式,其有效性及安全性已得到广泛认可。但椎体增强术的手术并发症也不少,其中最常见的是骨水泥渗漏,可导致神经根和脊髓损伤,增加邻椎继发骨折风险,引起肺栓塞等严重并发症。笔者就椎体增强术治疗OVCF骨水泥渗漏的诊断、分型、危害、影响因素及预防措施等作一综述,为临床工作中骨水泥渗漏的防治提供参考。

Percutaneous vertebral augmentation is the most commonly used minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). The efficacy and safety have been widely recognized, however, there are still some complications of percutaneous vertebral augmentation. And the most common complication is bone cement leakage, which can lead to nerve root and spinal cord injury, increase the risk of secondary fractures of adjacent vertebral, and even cause serious complications such as pulmonary embolism. The diagnosis, classification, hazard, influence factors and preventive measures of bone cement leakage in vertebral augmentation for OCVF are reviewed in this paper, which will provide reference for prevention and treatment of bone cement leakage in clinical practice.