基于DEA模型的沿海九省物流效率分析

Analysis of Logistics Ef?ciency in China's Nine Coastal Provinces Based on DEA Model

运用DEA模型,选取交通运输业从业人数、物流业固定资产投资、等级公里数作为投入指标,选取物流业增加值、货运量周转量、地区GDP作为产出指标,对2012—2016年沿海九省的物流效率进行分析和评价。结果表明,浙江省、河北省、江苏省及辽宁省的物流效率的DEA为有效,而广东省、福建省、广西壮族自治区、海南省和山东省的物流效率的DEA为非有效。对影响沿海九省物流效率的因素分析结果表明,各个指标的影响程度不同,投入指标中的交通运输、仓储及邮政业从业人员与等级公里数对沿海九省的物流效率影响较大,影响程度为0.031;产出指标中的货运周转量对沿海九省物流效率的影响较大,影响程度为0.133。据此,建议物流DEA有效的省份继续保持自身的优势并发挥带头作用,加大力度发展城市群物流,建立完善的现代物流管理体制;而物流DEA非有效的省份借鉴其他省份成功的经验,结合自身实际情况作出相应调整。

The DEA model is used to analyze and evaluate the logistics efficiency of China’s nine coastal provinces from 2012 to 2016 by selecting the number of people employed in the transportation industry, the fixed asset investment in the logistics industry and the graded mileage as input indicators, and the added value of the logistics industry, the turnover of freight volume and regional GDP as output indicators. The results show that the DEA of logistics efficiency is effective in Zhejiang Province, Hebei Province, Jiangsu Province and Liaoning Province, but not in Guangdong Province, Fujian Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Hainan Province and Shandong Province. The analysis results of the factors that affect the logistics efficiency of the nine coastal provinces show that the degree of influence of each index is different. The transportation, warehousing, postal workers and graded mileage in the input index have a great influence on the logistics efficiency of the nine coastal provinces, with the degree of influence being 0.031. The freight turnover in the output index has a great influence on the logistics efficiency in the nine coastal provinces, and the influence degree is 0.133. Therefore, it is suggested that provinces with effective logistics DEA should continue to maintain their own advantages and play a leading role in developing logistics in urban agglomerations and establishing a sound modern logistics management system. The provinces with non-effective logistics DEA should learn from the successful experience of other provinces and make corresponding adjustments according to their own actual conditions.