三峡水库支流水体富营养化现状及防治策略

WATER EUTROPHICATION STATUS AND CONTROL STRATEGY OF TRIBUTARIES IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR REGION

三峡水库蓄水以来,受干流回水顶托的影响,支流回水区由天然河流演变为库湾,水体自净能力大幅下降,自2003年起库区多条支流富营养化严重并多次发生水华。三峡水库实施175 m蓄水以及受上游新建水库的影响,库区支流水文条件改变,富营养化程度进一步加重。综合了2010年起实施175 m蓄水后连续7年库区支流富营养化状态的相关研究资料,对库区水体富营养化现状及评估预测方法进行分析,结合库区污染源及污染处置情况探讨了库区支流富营养化发展趋势,并对富营养化防治策略提出了相关建议,以期为三峡库区富营养化综合治理,确保水环境安全提供指导。

With the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir, influenced by the backwater of the main stream, the tributary backwater area has evolved from natural river into reservoir bay, and the water self-purification capacity declined sharply, so serious eutrophication has arisen in certain tributaries and water-bloom has erupted many times since 2003.The hydrological conditions of the tributaries have changed with the influence of the 175 m impoundment in the Three Gorges Reservoir and the newly-built reservoirs on the upstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and the eutrophication level has further aggravated.In this paper, the relevant research data on the eutrophication status of tributaries in the Three Gorges Reservoir after the 175 m impoundment for seven consecutive years since 2010 was comprehensively studied, and the eutrophication status and its assessment and prediction methods in the reservoir area were analyzed.Besides, the development trend of the eutrophication was discussed by combining with the pollution source and pollution disposal situation, and some suggestions on the prevention and treatment strategy of eutrophication were given, in order to provide guidance for the comprehensive treatment of eutrophication in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region and water environment security ensurance.