英国文化人类学与教育的融合发展及对我国教育的启示

The Integration of British Cultural Anthropology and Education and Its Enlightenment to Chinese Education

英国教育人类学的缘起与发展主要是由文化人类学家所推动的。英国文化人类学家对于学校教育、社会结构、社会文化与文化功能,尤其是教育系统与社会系统的互动等问题的关注,促进了英国教育人类学的奠基与发展。本文论述了20世纪以来英国文化人类学与教育的结合,着重讨论了马林诺夫斯基与拉德克利夫-布朗的结构功能论对教育问题的启示,以期对中国教育人类学的发展有所借鉴。此外,英国文化人类学研究视域下的"人种志",即"教育人种志",是本文所突出的基本研究方法,也是对我国现代教育具备启示意义的方法论原则。

The origin and development of educational anthropology in Britain is mainly promoted by cultural anthropologists.The attention of British cultural anthropologists given to school education,social structure,social culture and cultural function,especially the education system and social interaction problems,have promoted the foundation and development of British education anthropology.This paper discusses the 20th century British culture anthropology and the combination of education,focusing on the structure and function of the Bronislaw Malinowski and Radcliffe Brown theory enlightenment to education problems,in order to make reference to the development of Chinese education anthropology.In addition,ethnography from the perspective of British cultural “anthropology”,i.e.,“educational ethnography”,is not only the basic research method highlighted in this paper,but also the methodological principle of enlightenment to modern education in China.