人体部位字溯源

Traceability of the Characters of the Human Body Parts

人体部位字因取象具体,大多为象形字或以象形部件为主要构件。它们与人类密切相关,多为核心词,产生年代久远,多数沿用至今。字形变化主要是为适应书写便捷、协调的需求而进行的笔画析断、变形。通过历时比较,不难追溯到它们原有的理据信息。有些字在甲骨文或金文中已增加声符,以方便识读。有些字虽然来源部位相同,但含义与用法却有较大差异,说明甲骨文时代人们已有精密表达的需要。

Because the characters of the human body parts take concrete images, they are mostly hieroglyphs or the main components of them are hieroglyphs. These characters are closely linked with human life, so most of them are the core words. They have a long history and most are still in use today. The changes of the shape, such as the dissection and deformation, are mainly to adapt to the requirements of the convenient writing and the coordination. Through diachronic comparison, it is not difficult for people to trace their original rationale information. Sound symbols are added to some characters in oracle or inscriptions on bronze for the convenience of reading. Some words have the same origin, but with quite different meanings and usages, which manifests the need for the precise expression in the Oracle era.