mRNA单分子动态成像技术研究进展

Research progress of mRNA single molecule dynamic imaging technology

转录后成熟的mRNA与RNA结合蛋白结合,形成信使核糖核蛋白复合物,之后在胞质内沿细胞骨架转运并定位到亚细胞特定区域。在此过程中,mRNA的转运及调控对于mRNA的功能、蛋白质的定位和细胞极性生长的维持发挥着重要的作用。近年来,活细胞单分子成像技术的发展,为人们深入了解mRNA的动态调控提供了新的契机。通过对活细胞中mRNA和RNA结合蛋白的标记,我们不仅可以检测mRNA的动力学特征,还可以原位检测新合成的蛋白质。本文主要介绍mRNA的定位和翻译过程,重点叙述单分子动态成像技术在分析mRNA动态调控中的应用。活细胞单分子成像技术可以揭示mRNA翻译的动力学特性,并促进我们对mRNA命运的理解,为后续研究mRNA的动态调控提供参考。

Post-transcriptional mature mRNA binds to RNA-binding proteins to form messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes,which are then transported along the cytoskeleton and localized in specific subcellular regions. In this process,mRNA transport and regulation play an important role in the function of mRNA,protein localization and maintenance of cell polarity. In recent years,the development of single-molecule imaging of living cells has provided a new opportunity to understand the dynamic regulation of mRNA. By labeling mRNA and RNA binding proteins in living cells,we can detect not only the dynamic characteristics of mRNA,but also the newly synthesized proteins in situ. This article mainly introduces the localization and translation of mRNA,and focuses on the application of single-molecule dynamic imaging in the analysis of dynamic regulation of mRNA. Living cell single-molecule imaging can reveal the dynamics of mRNA translation,promote our understanding of the fate of mRNA,and provide a reference for the follow-up study of the dynamic regulation of mRNA.