警察无证搜查手机与公民隐私保护问题探析——以美国的司法判例为主要研究对象

Analysis of Mobile Phone Search and Privacy Protection by Police without Warrant in the United States

警察能否无证搜查嫌犯的手机?可以。但是,要受到若干限制:一是必须符合无证搜查的例外;二是手机存储的信息必须与嫌犯所从事的犯罪有关;三是逮捕嫌犯后,警察应该尽快搜查嫌犯的手机;四是无证搜查的范围仅限于警察合理怀疑存有犯罪证据的部分,不得对手机进行全面的搜查。当然,最可靠的方式是警察先扣押嫌犯的手机,然后再申请搜查令搜查嫌犯的手机。

Can the police search the suspect’s cell phone without a warrant in the United States? Yes. However, there must be some restrictions: first, it must be consistent with the exception of the search without warrant. Second, the information of cell phone storage must be related to the crime committed by the suspect. Third, after arresting the suspect,the police should search the suspect’s cell phone as soon as possible. Fourth, unlicensed search is limited to the part where the police reasonably suspect the existence of criminal evidence, and general mobile phone search is not allowed.Of course, the most reliable way is that the police can detain the suspect’s cell phone and then apply for a search warrant to search the suspect’s cell phone.