政治与道德的纠葛——吉野作造的政党政治论

Clashes between Politics and Ethics——Sakuzo Yoshino's Theory of Party Politics

吉野作造提倡民本主义,主张多数与少数的调和,认为民众只需消极监督政党即可,制度本身并不会提供实质性利益,政治良性发展的关键在于伦理道德,政治家的人格与品性尤为重要,政治规则与伦理道德应保持一致。吉野作造鉴于政党的腐败和急功近利导致其在伦理道德面前受到质疑,便以道德不健全为由持续批判"宪政常道论"。

Sakuzo Yoshino advocated democracy and reconciliation between the majority and minority. He held that the people's only role in politics was to passively supervise political parties,and political system itself could not provide substantial benefits. Therefore,he contended that the key to the sound development of politics lied in sound ethics,which particularly emphasize politicians' personalities and characters,and the consistence between political rules and ethics. Emphasis on ethics was an important characteristic of modern Japanese politics. And the main causes for people's abandonment of political parties were their corruption and pursuit of quick success. Sakuzo Yoshino had continued to criticize the "constitutional norm" on the grounds of moral imperfection. But in essence,political rules may not be in line with ethical principles,so ethics cannot be used to constrain politics,and politics should not be thoroughly moralized.