渐进性肌肉放松训练对初产妇心理状态、依从性及分娩结局的影响

Effect of progressive muscle relaxation training on the psychological status, compliance and delivery outcomes of primiparas

目的探讨应用渐进性肌肉放松训练对初产妇心理状态、依从性及分娩结局的影响。方法选取2016年1月至2017年12月于台州市立医院分娩的初产妇224例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组各112例。对照组实施常规治疗;观察组于对照组治疗基础上实施渐进性肌肉放松训练。评价两组治疗前后抑郁、焦虑评分情况,调查两组产妇对医生选择分娩方式的依从性,统计两组分娩结局及产后恢复状况。结果观察组治疗后抑郁、焦虑评分均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组产妇对医生选择分娩方式的依从性为95.53%(107/112),明显高于对照组的87.50%(98/112)(χ^2=4.658,P=0.030)。观察组顺产率91.07%(102/112),明显高于对照组的80.35%(90/112)(χ^2=5.250,P=0.021);顺产总产程明显短于对照组;产后2 h出血量明显少于对照组;产后住院时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组初产妇产后性交疼痛、性欲减弱、阴道阻力、阴道润滑度评分均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论初产妇进行渐进性肌肉放松训练可减轻其不良情绪,更好的配合医护人员,增强其理性选择,更好的改善妊娠结局,促进其产后康复,提高其产后性生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training on the psychological status, compliance and delivery outcomes of primipara. Methods From January 2016 to December 2017, 224 primiparas who delivered at Taizhou Municipal Hospital were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method, with 112 cases in each group. The control group was given routine treatment, and the observation group was given gradual muscle relaxation training based on the control group. The depression and anxiety scores before and after treatment in the two groups were evaluated. The compliance of mothers to the doctors' choice of delivery methods was investigated, and the delivery outcomes and postpartum recovery status were analyzed. Results The scores of depression and anxiety in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). The compliance with the doctors' choice of delivery mode in the observation group was 95.53%(107/112), which was significantly higher than that in the control group[87.50%(98/112)](χ^2=4.658, P=0.030). The normal delivery rate of the observation group was 91.07%(102/112), which was significantly higher than that of the control group[80.35%(90/112)](χ^2=5.250, P=0.021). The total labor of spontaneous delivery in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, the bleeding volume at 2 hours after delivery in the observation group was obviously less than that in the control group, the postpartum hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The scores of postpartum maternal pain, libido, vaginal resistance, and vaginal lubrication in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Application of progressive muscle relaxation training in primiparas can reduce the negative emotions, better coordinate with medical personnel, enhance rational choice, better improve pregnancy outcome, promote postpartum recovery, and improve postpartum sexual life quality.