北京市二级综合医院护士长管理能力现状及影响因素分析

The management ability of head nurses in Beijing secondary general hospitals and its influencing factors

目的调查北京市二级综合医院护士长管理能力现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样方法,2017 年5— 9 月选取北京市20 家二级综合医院的护士长,采用自行设计护士长管理能力问卷,从护士长管理知识现状、护理管理者管理技能、领导力实践、职业态度4 个方面进行调查。本研究共发放问卷260 份,回收有效问卷246 份,有效回收率为94.6%。结果二级综合医院246名护士长管理知识得分为(89.98±12.84)分,管理技能得分为(165.91±16.22)分,领导力得分为(195.48±32.35)分,职业态度得分为(5.47±0.82)分,管理水平整体得分(500.68±48.60)分。Logistic回归分析显示,工作年限是影响管理知识的主要影响因素,最后学历和工作年限是管理技能的主要影响因素;任护士长年限和参加管理班情况是影响领导力的主要因素,参加管理班和管理专业委员是职业态度的主要影响因素。结论二级综合医院护士长的管理能力水平参差不齐,医院管理者应根据护士长的管理能力的现状,结合二级综合医院的自身特点,建立科学、完善的护士长培养系统,促进管理能力的不断提升,确保医疗护理质量。

Objective We aimed to investigate the current situation of management ability of head nurses in Beijing secondary general hospitals and analyze the influencing factors. Methods In this study, the convenient sampling method was used. From May to September 2017, the head nurses of 20 secondary hospitals in Beijing were selected as the research subjects. The self-designed Head Nurse's Management Ability Questionnaire was used to investigate the head nurse's management knowledge status, nursing manager management skills, leadership practice, and professional attitude. A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 246 valid questionnaires were returned. The response rate was 94.6%. Results The management knowledge score of 246 head nurses in the secondary general hospital was( 89.98±12.84), the management skill score was( 165.91±16.22), the leadership score was( 195.48±32.35), and the occupational attitude score was( 5.47±0.82), the overall score of the management level( 500.68±48.60). Logistic regression analysis showed that working years were the main influencing factors affecting management knowledge. Education and working years were the main influencing factors of management skills. The years in head nurse positions and the participation in management classes were the main factors affecting leadership, and attending management classes and being management professional members were the main influencing factors of professional attitude. Conclusions The level of management ability of head nurses in the secondary general hospitals is uneven. The hospital administrators should establish a scientific and well-rounded training system for nurses according to the current situation of the head nurses' management ability and the characteristics of the secondary general hospitals, in order to constantly improve the management ability and ensure medical care quality.