已批准增强免疫力功能的中药类保健食品现状及监管建议

Current situation analysis and supervision suggestions of traditional Chinese medicine health food claiming to enhance immune function

已批准的增强免疫力功能声称保健食品在所有声称功能的保健食品中数量排名第1位,而声称增强免疫力功能的保健食品中配方含有中药的产品约占2/3。保健食品中允许使用的中药有规定的使用范围,一般原料的安全性较高,原料的使用量也不超过文献或法规规定的上限。现行的增强免疫力声称是基于现代药理学、营养学基础上的西医名称提出来的,免疫力的含义范围广泛,机制复杂,对于在中医药理论指导下使用的中药保健食品更有可能是从免疫器官、免疫细胞以及免疫分子的多方面发挥增强免疫力的功效。该文首先分析了目前保健食品原料使用情况,对已批准的保健食品中增强免疫力功能产品情况进行梳理,对中药类保健食品中增强免疫力功能情况、原料的使用情况、原料配伍数量统计分析,再从技术审评和监督管理角度对产品配方、安全性、保健功能、质量控制、生产工艺等多方面深入分析,然后从监管中发现的问题和未来对中药类保健食品需求的角度,提出增强免疫力功能的中药类保健食品注册和监管的建议。

Number of products claiming to enhance immunity function ranks first among all the approved health food products,and number of products whose formula contains Chinese medicine accounts for two thirds of all the products claiming to enhance immunity function. Chinese medicine allowed to be used in health food has a specified range,and the safety of raw materials is generally higher.The usage amount of raw materials shall not exceed the upper limit stipulated in the literature or regulations. The claim of enhancement of immunity function is put forward by western medicine based on modern pharmacology and nutriology. However,immunity is wide in scope and complex in mechanism. The health food that contains Chinese medicine plays an active effect in enhancement of immunity under the guidance of Chinese medicine theory in many ways such as immune organs,immune cells and immune molecules. In this article,the author first analyzed the current use of raw materials for health food,then summarized the approved health food claiming to enhance immunity function,and conducted statistical analysis on the enhancement of immunity for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)health food,use of raw materials,compatibility of raw materials,conducted in-depth analysis on health food formula,safety,health function,quality control and production process from the perspectives of technical review,supervision and management. Finally,some suggestions on registration and supervision of TCM health food claiming to enhance immunity function were put forward from the perspectives of problems found in the supervision and from the demand of TCM health food in the future.