卷弹簧中超声导波传播特性及对缺陷症状的敏感性分析

Propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves in coil spring and sensitivity analysis to defect symptoms

卷弹簧作为重要的储能元件,是很多重要器件的关键功能件,为了确保器件在役功用,利用超声导波对卷弹簧缺陷进行检测。建立有限元模拟分析平台,研究了卷弹簧中超声导波的传播特性;利用该模拟分析平台设计并进行正交试验,深入研究了缺陷特征与导波检测回波的相互关系。结果表明:导波激励频率越高,导波在卷弹簧中衰减越快,信号幅值随传播距离的增大而减小;卷弹簧缺陷的径向深度、周向弧长和缺陷与轴向夹角3个缺陷症状中,径向深度对导波检测回波的影响最大,回波幅值随径向深度的变化呈规律性变化。研究结果为卷弹簧的超声导波检测装置的研制奠定了技术基础。

As an important energy storage element, coil spring is the key function part of many important components. In order to ensure the service function of the device, ultrasonic guide wave is used to detect the defect of coil spring. A finite element simulation analysis platform was established to study the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves in coil springs. By using the simulation analysis platform design and orthogonal test, the relationship between defect characteristics and guide wave detection echo was studied. The results show that the higher the frequency of the guide wave excitation signal, the faster the guide wave attenuates in the coil spring, and the signal amplitude decreases with the increase of the propagation distance. Among the three defects of spring defect,radial depth,circumferential arc length,the angle between the defect and axis,radial depth has the greatest influence on the echo detection of guide wave, and the amplitude of return wave changes regularly with the change of radial depth. The research results lay a technical foundation for the development of ultrasonic guided wave detection device for coil spring.