2011—2017年张掖市肺结核病疫情分析

Analysis of tuberculosis epidemic in Zhangye from 2011 to 2017

目的了解甘肃省张掖市肺结核病发展动态和流行特征,为制定肺结核病防治对策提供科学依据。方法收集2011—2017年张掖市肺结核病资料,按性别、年龄和职业等进行描述流行病学特征分析。结果 2011—2017年共报告肺结核病病人9 785例,发病呈下降趋势(趋势χ~2=16.35,P=0.000 05);冬春季高发,占58.27%(5 702/9 785);男性发病水平明显高于女性,男性发病率下降水平高于女性;报告发病率65～74岁组最高(1 372.77/10万),55～64岁组其次(790.31/10万);以农民为主,占90.60%;甘州区病例最多、占38.08%,肃南县最少、占2.75%,报告发病率高台县最高(141.52/10万)、甘州区最低(103.30/10万)。结论 2011—2017年张掖市活动性肺结核病病人报告发病率逐年下降,男性人群、55～64岁组和农民是张掖市结核病防治工作的重点人群。

Objective To discuss the epidemic characteristics and trend of tuberculosis in Zhangye city, Gansu province and provide scientific basis for formulating control strategies of tuberculosis. Methods The data of tuberculosis in Zhangye from 2011 to 2017 were collected to analyze the distribution of gender, age, occupation, etc. with the method of descriptive epidemiology. Results Totally 9 785 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis reported from 2011 to 2017, showing decrease tendency of incidence(trend χ2=16.35, P=0.000 05). The epidemic was high in winter and spring(58.27%, 5 702/9 785).Incidence was obviously higher in the male than in the female, and the descending level of incidence was higher in the male than in the female. The incidence rate was the highest in age group of 65-74 years(1 372.77/100 000), followed by 55-64 years(790.31/100 000). Farmers were the dominant(90.60%). The patients were the most in Ganzhou district(38.08%) and the least in Sunan county(2.75%). The reported incidence was the highest in Gaotai county(141.52/100 000) and the lowest in Ganzhou district(103.30/100 000). Conclusions The reported incidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis decreases year by year in Zhangye city from 2011 to 2017. The tuberculosis prevention and control should be focused on the male, 55-64 age group and farmers in Zhangye.