2013~2014年中日友好医院哮喘急性发作住院患者住院费用的回顾性调查

A retrospective study of hospitalization costs of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation during 2013-2014 in China-Japan friendship hospital

目的了解中日友好医院因哮喘急性发作住院患者的费用情况及其影响因素。方法回顾性调查并分析中日友好医院呼吸内科2013~2014年因哮喘急性发作住院的患者。通过事先设计的病例报告表对患者的一般资料及住院费用等信息进行分析。结果2013~2014年符合纳入标准的因哮喘发作住院的患者共99例,平均住院费用为11 046(4 811.0)元,其中,药品费用占主要部分,约占总住院费的51.7%。药品费中,哮喘治疗药物费用仅占28.6%,而抗菌药物费用高达54.8%。住院费用随着哮喘急性发作严重程度的增加而增加,应用机械通气患者的平均住院费用高于未应用机械通气者,入住重症监护病房(ICU)患者的平均住院费用高于未入住ICU者,在入院前1年有因哮喘急性发作住院或急诊就诊历史的患者平均住院费用高于无住院或急诊就诊历史者,组间比较差异均有统计学意义。结论哮喘急性发作患者的单次住院费用远高于哮喘患者全年维持治疗费,药品费用占住院总费用的主要部分,而药品费用中,抗菌药物费用所占比重最高。

Objective To study the hospitalization costs and the influencing factors of the costs of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation during 2013-2014 in China-Japan friendship hospital. Methods This was a retrospective study and involved patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation in China-Japan friendship hospital during 2013-2014.Information about the demographic features and costs were collected using the pre-designed case report form. Results Ninety-nine asthma patients were included.The median hospitalization costs was 11 046 (4 811.0) RMB.The costs of medications accounted for 51.7% of the total costs.The costs of asthma medications accounted for only 28.6% of the total medication costs, while the costs for antibiotics accounted up to 54.8%.The patients with a more severe level of exacerbation, who were admitted to ICU, used mechanical ventilation, or had a history of hospitalization or emergency visits during the last year due to asthma exacerbations tended to cost more. Conclusions The average cost of hospitalization is much higher than the yearly cost of maintenance therapy.Medication is the predominant component of the total hospitalization costs, and the costs of antibiotics make up the major part of the total medication costs.