异种脱细胞真皮基质敷料治疗Ⅱ度烧伤患者疗效及安全性研究

Efficacy and safety of heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix dressing for patients with second degree burn

目的:研究异种脱细胞真皮基质敷料对Ⅱ度烧伤患者的疗效及安全性。方法:选取Ⅱ度烧伤患者110例,根据治疗方法的不同,分为对照组52例,观察组58例。对照组使用常规包扎方法进行治疗,观察组使用异种脱细胞真皮基质敷料进行治疗。比较两组浅Ⅱ度和深Ⅱ度烧伤患者的创面愈合时间以及换药次数。比较两组患者的瘢痕增生发生率,使用温哥华瘢痕评估量表对两组患者的瘢痕情况进行评估。比较两组患者的并发症发生率,包括发热、液化和创面感染的发生率。结果:对照组浅Ⅱ度烧伤和深Ⅱ度烧伤的愈合时间、发热例数、抗生素使用时间和换药次数显著高于观察组(P<0.05)。随着时间的变化,两组浅Ⅱ度和深Ⅱ度烧伤疼痛评分均呈下降趋势。不同时间点两组浅Ⅱ度和深Ⅱ度烧伤疼痛评分经比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组浅Ⅱ度烧伤患者均未发生瘢痕增生情况,对两组深Ⅱ度烧伤患者进行瘢痕评估,发现观察组在色泽、血管、柔软性、厚度、疼痛、瘙痒、瘢痕评分总分以及瘢痕增生发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组烧伤患者均未存在住院时间增长、死亡等不良事件的发生。结论:使用异种脱细胞真皮基质敷料治疗Ⅱ度烧伤患者,能够降低愈合时间,缓解疼痛,提高治疗效果,减少瘢痕增生发生率,且安全性较好。

Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix dressing for patients withⅡdegree burn.Methods:110 patients with second degree burns admitted to were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to different treatment methods.There were 52 cases in the control group and 58 cases in the observation group.The control group was treated with a conventional dressing method,and the observation group was treated with a heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix dressing.The wound healing time and the number of dressing changes were compared between the two groups of patients with shallow second degree and deep second degree burns.The incidence of scar hyperplasia was compared between the two groups,and the scars of the two groups were evaluated using the Vancouver Scar Assessment Scale.The incidence of complications was compared between the two groups,including the incidence of fever,liquefaction,and wound infection.Results:The healing time,fever,antibiotic use time and dressing times of the shallow second degree burn and deep second degree burn were significantly higher in the control group than in the observation group(P<0.05).With the change of time,the pain scores of both shallow II and deep II burns showed a downward trend.There were no significant differences in the scores of the shallow second degree and deep second degree burn pain between the two groups at different time points(P>0.05).No scar hyperplasia occurred in the patients with shallow second degree burns.The scar assessment of two groups of patients with deep second degree burns were evaluated,the color,blood vessel,softness,thickness,pain,itching,scar score and the incidence of scar hyperplasia were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).There were no adverse events such as hospitalization time increase and death in the burn patients of the two groups.Conclusion:The use of heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix dressing in the treatment of patients with second degree burn can reduce the healing time,relief the pain,improve the therapeutic effect,reduce the incidence of scar hyperplasia,and has good safety,which is worthy of popularization in clinical practice.